A numerical model study on multi-species harmful algal blooms coupled with background ecological fields   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

WANG Qing  ZHU Liangsheng  WANG Dongxiao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):95-105

Based on systematized physical, chemical, and biological modules, a multi-species harmful algal bloom （HAB） model coupled with background ecological fields was established. This model schematically embod-ied that HAB causative algal species and the background ecological system, quantified as total biomass, were significantly different in terms of the chemical and biological processes during a HAB while the inter-action between the two was present. The model also included a competition and interaction mechanism between the HAB algal species or populations. The Droop equation was optimized by considering tempera-ture, salinity, and suspended material impact factors in the parameterization of algal growth rate with the nutrient threshold. Two HAB processes in the springs of 2004 and 2005 were simulated using this model. Both simulation results showed consistent trends with corresponding HAB processes observed in the East China Sea, which indicated the rationality of the model. This study made certain progress in modeling HABs, which has great application potential for HAB diagnosis, prediction, and prevention.  相似文献   

Radiative forcing over China due to albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010     

ZHAI Jun  LIU Ronggao  LIU Jiyuan  ZHAO Guosong  HUANG Lin 《地理学报》2014,24(5):789-801

Land cover change affects surface radiation budget and energy balance by changing surface albedo and further impacts the regional and global climate. In this article, high spatial and temporal resolution satellite products were used to analyze the driving mechanism for surface albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010. In addition, the annual-scale radiative forcing caused by surface albedo changes in China's 50 ecological regions were calculated to reveal the biophysical mechanisms of land cover change affecting climate change at regional scale. Our results showed that the national land cover changes were mainly caused by land reclamation, grassland desertification and urbanization in past 20 years, which were almost induced by anthropogenic activities. Grassland and forest area decreased by 0.60% and 0.11%, respectively. The area of urban and farmland increased by 0.60% and 0.19%, respectively. The mean radiative forcing caused by land cover changes during 1990-2010 was 0.062 W/m2 in China, indicating a warming climate effect. However, spatial heterogeneity of radiative forcing was huge among different ecological regions. Farmland conversing to urban construction land, the main type of land cover change for the urban and suburban agricultural ecological region in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, caused an albedo reduction by 0.00456 and a maximum positive radiative forcing of 0.863 W/m2, which was presented as warming climate effects. Grassland and forest conversing to farmland, the main type of land cover change for the temperate humid agricultural and wetland ecological region in Sanjiang Plain, caused an albedo increase by 0.00152 and a maximum negative radiative forcing of 0.184 W/m2, implying cooling climate effects.  相似文献   

Variation Characteristics of Ultraviolet Radiation over the North China Plain简     

HU Bo  WANG Yuesi 《大气科学进展》2014,31(1):110-117

In situ measured data of broadband solar radiation （Rs） and ultraviolet （Uv） radiation were used to investigate the spa- tiotemporal variation properties of Uv radiation and the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs over the North China Plain （NCP）. Based on the analysis, an empirical model for estimating Uv radiation under all weather conditions in this region was developed. The results showed that the annual Uv radiation over the NCP ranges from 0.38-0.52 MJ m^-2 d^-1. The highest value during the study period was recorded at the Changwu site, which is located near the margin of the Loess Plateau, while the lowest value appeared at the station in Beijing. The seasonal variation pattern of the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs is similar to that of Uv radiation; namely, the highest value appears in August and then decreases gradually until the lowest value appears in November. A small increasing trend in the Uv radiation levels and the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs was observed over the NCP. The evaluation results showed that the empirical estimation model can be widely used to estimate Uv radiation under all atmospheric conditions. The relative error between the modeled and measured daily values were within ± 15%.  相似文献   

Parameterizations of surface radiation in the semiarid grasslands of Inner Mongolia under clear-sky conditions using MODIS data     

Lichun Peng  Wanbiao Li 《大气科学进展》2014,31(5):1197-1208

A set of improved and efficient radiation parameterization schemes for surface radiation balance components under clear- sky conditions was developed by using general surface measurements and MODIS data. The set of schemes was then adapted for regions similar to the present study sites under different grazing intensities and varying degrees of drought in the semiarid grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Specifically, we mainly improved two schemes for estimating downward shortwave and longwave radiation at the surface, which could be applied to regions with certain degrees of drought. The validation datasets were from ground-based observations at various grazing sites during the growing season （May to September） of different drought years, 2005 and 2006. Through comparisons of parameterized versus measured radiation values, the increased or modified factors in the original schemes demonstrated improved estimation accuracy, and the rationalities of input parameters and variables were analyzed. The regional instantaneous net radiation estimations had root-mean-square errors of less than 30 W m-2 compared with ground measurements at the sites during the study period. The statistical results showed the improved schemes are suitable for estimating surface net radiation in regional semiarid areas during the growing season. Analyses of the sensitivity of the schemes to corresponding variables were conducted to ascertain the major error sources of the schemes and potential variables for improving the performance of the schemes in agreement with observations.  相似文献   

An improved method for correction of air temperature measured using different radiation shields     

Xinghong Cheng  Debin Su  Deping Li  Lu Chen  Wenjing Xu  Meilin Yang  Yongcheng Li  Zhizhong Yue  Zijing Wang 《大气科学进展》2014,31(6):1460-1468

The variation of air temperature measurement errors using two different radiation shields （DTR502B Vaisala,Finland,and HYTFZ01,Huayun Tongda Satcom,China） was studied.Datasets were collected in the field at the Daxing weather station in Beijing from June 2011 to May 2012.Most air temperature values obtained with these two commonly used radiation shields were lower than the reference records obtained with the new Fiber Reinforced Polymers （FRP） Stevenson screen.In most cases,the air temperature errors when using the two devices were smaller on overcast and rainy days than on sunny days; and smaller when using the imported rather than the Chinese shield.The measured errors changed sharply at sunrise and sunset,and reached maxima at noon.Their diurnal variation characteristics were,naturally,related to changes in solar radiation.The relationships between the record errors,global radiation,and wind speed were nonlinear.An improved correction method was proposed based on the approach described by Nakamura and Mahrt （2005） （NM05）,in which the impact of the solar zenith angle （SZA） on the temperature error is considered and extreme errors due to changes in SZA can be corrected effectively.Measurement errors were reduced significantly after correction by either method for both shields.The error reduction rate using the improved correction method for the Chinese and imported shields were 3.3％ and 40.4％ higher than those using the NM05 method,respectively.  相似文献   

The Diabase Magma Evolution Discussion at Luoji Village of Northwest Yunnan     

FENG Hanbin  DENG Jianghong  WANG Chun  LI Lingjie  XU Wei  LIU Yuanlin  GUO Panpan 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):239-240

  相似文献   

广州市雷暴日异常的基本气候特征及其与近海海温关系初探   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

陈绍东  林奕峰  区永平 《热带气象学报》2004,20(1):106-112

以低纬高原城市昆明为研究对象，利用城市区域内4月、8月、12月的太阳辐射观测资料，对城市区域内不同下垫面性质和位置差异的辐射平衡特征和变化规律进行了研究。结果表明：昆明地区4月的太阳辐射各分量均较高，而多云天气的8月太阳辐射分量较小；屋顶的总辐射量和净辐射量均维持较高的数值，而受周围环境、建筑物遮蔽等影响的草地和球场则数值变化较大；随时间和下垫面的不同，反射辐射呈现较大差异；有效辐射则在多云天的8月呈现较小值(分配率趋于0)。所得结果可为探讨城市气候形成机制及城市气候的深入研究提供依据，并为其它地区的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Impacts of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation on spiral rainbands   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shunwu Zhou  Yue Ma  Xuyang Ge 《大气科学进展》2016,33(9):1085-1095

Based on idealized numerical simulations, the impacts of the diurnal cycle of solar radiation on the diurnal variation of outer rainbands in a tropical cyclone are examined. It is found that cold pools associated with precipitation-driven downdrafts are essential for the growth and propagation of spiral rainbands. The downdrafts result in surface outflows, which act as a lifting mechanism to trigger the convection cell along the leading edge of the cold pools. The diurnal cycle of solar radiation may modulate the diurnal behavior of the spiral rainbands. In the daytime, shortwave radiation will suppress the outer convection and thus weaken the cold pools. Meanwhile, the limited cold pool activity leads to a strong modification of the moisture field, which in turn inhibits further convection development.  相似文献   

地质旋回与天文周期   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨学祥 《东北地震研究》1996,12(2):24-30

太阳辐射量变化与地质旋回的对应关系表明，太阳辐射不仅是形成地磁场内外磁尾和地壳与内核反向振动的原因，而且是核幔电磁耦合和能量交换的原因，在这个过程中，太阳向地球既输送了大量热能，又输送了大量电磁辐射能，这是我们通过天文周期预测未来地质变动的理论基础。  相似文献   

基于背景信息的MODIS林火自动提取算法     

缪婷婷  沈润平 《测绘科学》2013,38(5):49-50,60

本文在火点提取算法中加入了背景信息,减少了伪火点,提高了火点提取算法的准确性和可靠性。通过选取江西省武宁县为实验区,应用MODIS数据进行了火点的提取,实现了从数据的处理到火点的自动提取。经实验验证后,发现改进后的算法火点提取精度较高,能很好地满足林火监测要求。  相似文献